题目：When Skilled Workforce Comes to Town: Evidence from Talent Policies in China

主讲人：林娅棠

时间：2024年5月31日 14:00-15:45

地点：北京师范大学珠海校区励耘楼B312

摘要：Many countries, including China, have implemented talent policies to attract skilled workers and support technology-driven economies. In China, cities offer subsidies, tax breaks, housing, and other incentives to attract talent in specific industries. In our study, we analyze the impact of these policies on the local labor market, migration patterns, and firm innovation using a comprehensive dataset. By analyzing policy documents, job postings, migrant surveys, and patent data, we observe a significant increase in job postings and new firm entry in the targeted city-industries. The majority of this increase is due to new firms.  Analyzing skill requirements in job postings, we find changes in the composition of skills demanded. There is an increase in topics related to data analytics, digital economy, computer science, design, and automation, while conventional skills experience a decrease.

Accounting for spatial skill sorting, we find no substantial increase in wages offered in job postings, indicating that supply shocks from subsidies are offset by corresponding demand responses from firms. Moreover, the rise in job postings is predominantly driven by new firms rather than incumbent ones, supporting the idea that jobs follow people.

许多国家都实施了吸引熟练工人和支持技术驱动型经济的人才政策。在中国，各城市为特定行业提供补贴、税收优惠、住房等激励措施来吸引人才。在我们的研究中，我们使用一套全面的数据集来分析这些政策对当地劳动市场、人口迁移模式和企业创新的影响。通过分析政策文件、职位发布、人口迁移调查和专利数据，我们观察到在目标城市和行业中职位发布和新企业创立显著增加。通过分析职位发布中的技能要求，我们发现技能组合发生了变化。与数据分析、数字经济、计算机科学、设计和自动化相关的主题增加，而传统技能则减少。在考虑空间技能分配的情况下，我们发现职位发布中提供的工资没有显著增加，这表明补贴带来的供应冲击被企业的相应需求反应所抵消。此外，职位发布的增长主要是由新企业驱动的，支持了就业追随人才的观点。

个人简介：香港科技大学经济系及公共政策系助理教授。2017年毕业于英国伦敦政治经济学院，获得经济学博士学位。研究方向包括城市和区域经济学、环境经济学、发展经济学。研究成果发表在American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, Journal of Urban Economics, MIS Quarterly, Nature Climate Change等期刊。